| contumely | n (fml) abusive, insulting language, bahasa kesat. | Kamus Inggeris-Melayu Dewan |
| abusive | adj 1. (of words, speech, language, etc) kesat: ~ jibes, ejek-ejekan yg kesat; ~ language, bahasa yg kesat, kata makian; 2. (of person) yg /menghamburkan, melemparkan/ /kata-kata makian, caci maki/: an ~ spectator, seorang penonton yg menghamburkan kata-kata makian; /be, become/ ~, mula /menghamburkan, melemparkan/ /kata-kata makian, caci maki/. | Kamus Inggeris-Melayu Dewan |
| strong language | n bahasa /kasar, kesat/. | Kamus Inggeris-Melayu Dewan |
| vulgarism | n 1. coarse or crude expressions, bahasa /kasar, kesat/: “I don’t know nothing about it” is a ~ often heard, “I don’t know nothing about it” ialah bahasa kasar yg kerap kali didengar; 2. obscene expressions, bahasa lucah. | Kamus Inggeris-Melayu Dewan |
| offensive | adj 1. causing offence, /menyakiti, menyakitkan/ hati, menjelikkan; (of language) kesat; (of smell) busuk, kohong: I find your remarks extremely ~, saya mendapati kata-katamu sangat menyakitkan hati; his whole manner was ~, kelakuannya menyakitkan hati; she spoke in an ~ tone of voice, dia bercakap dgn nada yg menyakitkan hati; he was charged with using ~ language, dia didakwa menggunakan bahasa yg kesat; the room was dirty and had an ~ smell, bilik itu kotor dan berbau busuk; 2. rel to, suitable for attack, utk menyerang: ~ weapons, senjata utk menyerang; to take ~ action, mengambil tindakan utk menyerang; | Kamus Inggeris-Melayu Dewan |